The distraction displays of the Little Ringed Plover and territorial competition with the Ringed Plover review

T H E distraction displays of the Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius) bear a general similarity to those of the Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula) (Williamson 1947) and Kentish Plover (Leucopolius alexandrinus) (Simmons 1951). The following observations are based mainly on the behaviour of a pair with small chicks in East Anglia. It was not possible to study the forms of display throughout ...