Flight identification of European raptors

We now turn to the four harriers Circus, a genus associated with extensive reedbeds, cornfields and moorland, not requiring trees or cliffs as do most raptors. Three--Marsh C. aeruginosas, Hen C. cyanms and Montagu's C. pjgargus--are comparatively common, but the Pallid C. macrourus is much rarer (mainly east Europe). All invariably soar and normally glide with wings raised in a shallow V, and this...